2/A common way to visualize a supply chain is to 'map it out', e.g. to identify on a map the geographical location of the different entities that compose the supply chain and depict the physical flow of goods among them. One of the advantages of this supply chain perspective is that it makes it easier to:
4/When the United States' Air Force decides to pay a defense contractor like Lockheed Martin based on the number of hours of “up-time” or hours available to fly for fighter jets it provides, this is an example of: